锻造是机械制造中毛坯和零件生产的主要方法之一，常分为自由锻、模锻等。锻造加工与其他加工方法相比，具有以下特点：
Forging is
one of the main methods for producing blanks and parts in mechanical
manufacturing, often divided into free forging, die forging, etc.
Compared with other processing methods, forging processing has the
following characteristics:
1、改善锻件的内部组织、提高力学性能。锻件毛坯经过锻造加工后，其组织、性能都得到改善和提高，锻造加工能消除金属铸锭内部的气孔、缩孔和树枝状晶等缺陷，并由于金属的塑性变形和再结晶，可使粗大晶粒细化，得到致密的金属组织，从而提高锻件的力学性能。在零件设计时，若正确选用零件的受力方向与纤维组织方向，可以提高锻件的抗冲击性能。
1.
Improve the internal structure and mechanical properties of forgings.
After forging processing, the microstructure and properties of the
forging blank are improved and improved. Forging processing can
eliminate defects such as pores, shrinkage cavities, and dendrites
inside the metal ingot. Due to the plastic deformation and
recrystallization of the metal, coarse grains can be refined to obtain a
dense metallic structure, thereby improving the mechanical properties
of the forging. When designing parts, selecting the correct direction of
force and fiber structure can improve the impact resistance of
forgings.
2、材料的利用率高。金属塑性成形主要是靠金属的形体组织相对位置重新排列，而不需要切除金属。
2. The
utilization rate of materials is high. Metal plastic forming mainly
relies on the rearrangement of the relative positions of the metal
structure, without the need to cut off the metal.
3、较高的生产率。锻造加工一般是利用压力机和锻锤进行成形加工的。
3. High productivity. Forging processing is generally carried out using a press and a forging hammer for forming processing.
4、毛坯或锻件的精度较高。应用先进的技术和设备，可实现少切削或无切削加工。
4.
The accuracy of blanks or forgings is relatively high. The application
of advanced technology and equipment can achieve minimal or no cutting
machining.
5、锻造所用的金属材料应具有良好的塑性，以便在外力作用下，能产生塑性变形而不破裂。常用的金属材料中，铸铁属脆性材料，塑性差，不能用于锻造。钢和非铁金属中的铜、铝及其合金等可以在冷态或热态下压力加工。
5.
The metal materials used for forging should have good plasticity, so
that under external forces, plastic deformation can occur without
rupture. Among commonly used metal materials, cast iron is a brittle
material with poor plasticity and cannot be used for forging. Copper,
aluminum, and their alloys in steel and non-ferrous metals can be
processed under pressure in either the cold or hot state.
6、不适合成形形状较复杂的锻件泥杆 保定古筝 塑料增韧剂 拱形护坡模具 保定空调维修 托辊生产线。锻造加工是在固态下成形的，与铸造相比，金属的流动受到限制，一般需要采取加热等工艺措施才能实现。对制造形状复杂，特别是具有复杂内腔的零件或毛坯较困难。
6.
Not suitable for forming forgings with complex shapes. Forging
processing is formed in a solid state, and compared to casting, the flow
of metal is limited, and generally requires measures such as heating to
achieve it. It is difficult to manufacture parts or blanks with complex
shapes, especially those with complex internal cavities.
